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Discrimination against women in labor law relations
Jandová, Gabriela ; Tomšej, Jakub (advisor) ; Matějka Řehořová, Lucie (referee)
This rigorous thesis deals with the analysis of the issue of discrimination against women in labor law relations. Its aim was to analyze and present specific forms of discrimination through which discrimination against women in employment relationships manifests itself, both before the employment, during its duration, and subsequently at its termination. All this with an emphasis on European case law. Within the processed issues, a partial question was asked whether the current domestic legislation is adequate and whether it corresponds to the seriousness of discriminatory behavior and the needs of society. The case law of the Czech Courts, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the Supreeme Court of The United States, and others were used to fulfill the set goal. At the same time, the researched topics were elaborated in a broader context, specifically economic-sociological. In processing the presented work, I mainly use the descriptive, comparative and analytical methods. The text of the thesis consists of an introduction, four main chapters, which are further divided into individual subchapters, and a conclusion. The first chapter focuses on the equality of men and women and its historical development in legislation. I describe changes in legislation for the equality of men and women which...
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European legal regulation of the remuneration of women and men
Brabcová, Markéta ; Scheu, Harald Christian (advisor) ; Svobodová, Magdaléna (referee)
European legal regulation of the remuneration of women and men Abstract This thesis focuses on the legal regulation of the principle of equal pay in European law. Despite the fact that the priciples of equality of men and women are anchored in the international, regional and national laws, the actual fulfulment of the principle of equal pay in the European countries is not satisfactory. This thesis is trying to provide a systematic overview of the relevant legal regulation of the principle of equal pay on the international and European level. Within the respective legal systems, this thesis focuses on the particularity of the regulation, on the existence of controll and enforcing mechanism and on the actual aplication of the principle of equal pay through these mechanisms. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter defines the concepts essential for this thesis. In particular, it contains definitions of concepts of equality and discrimination. Furthermore, the concepts of sex, gender and diferences in remuneration are defined. The second chapter focuses on the legal regulation of equal pay as adopted by the UN. It analyses the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women and the relevant treaties of the International labour organisation, including the overview...
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Aspirations of management students, the role of the mother - manager and social politics
Tobiášová, Magdaléna ; Křížková, Alena (advisor) ; Marková Volejníčková, Romana (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of women in management. The theoretical part provides basic points and explains key concepts such as gender segregation of the labor market, discrimination of women in management, or barriers to women entering managerial positions, which are a fundamental problem of gender inequality in the labor market. Next is also described family policy, as an offshoot of social policy, to help women in harmonizing work and family. Research aims to find out how aspiring managers, management students, perceive this issue through semi-structured interviews that are processed by thematic analysis. Interpretation of the results then provides repertoires of roles that these women expect in life and description how they choose or combine among them and their attitude to these repertoires. The main findings of the work are the perception of discrimination on the grounds of maternity and the problematic combination of care and careers related to the insufficient provision of state childcare facilities. However, perceptions of other career barriers meets with a positive attitude, interviewees believe they do not face other disadvantages compared to men than motherhood.
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Discrimination against women in labour law
Šilerová, Kateřina ; Vysokajová, Margerita (advisor) ; Štangová, Věra (referee)
Discrimination of women in the labor law This diploma paper deals with the problem of discrimination of women in the labor law while discrimination being one of the biggest phenomenons of modern society. Its main objective is to provide an overview of current legislation, which deals with prohibition of discrimination based on sex in labor law relations. Furthermore it analyzes the current position of women in the labor market and in our society. In the end of the paper there is also a little research based on a question form for men and women employed by the Police of the Czech republic and it questions their experience and opinion on discrimination based on sex at work. The thesis is divided into six main parts. The first part is dedicated to the historical development of the status of women in the society and it shows how was their role changing within different historical periods, explaining some aspects why men and women are not accepted equally. The second part of the thesis explains the main terms such as equality, discrimination (both direct and indirect), harassment and sexual harassment and others, which are important for the whole concept of this thesis and they are used throughout the whole paper. In the next part the thesis analyzes the status of women in the labor law relations in...
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The activity of OHCHR in the area of human rights: case study of India
Lukeš, Jakub ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Šklebená, Karolína (referee)
Nowadays, increasing discrimination against woman in India has become more violent then ever before. The international community has several means for prevention of discrimination against woman at its disposal. This bachelor paper examines the role and the influence of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in India. India has ratified a number of conventions related to the elimination of all kind of discrimination against woman. The fundamental goal of this paper is to analyze the contribution of the Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights to the observance of the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women. The analyzed reports come from the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Woman. The Committee's cooperation with the Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights is essential to getting the data and bringing about change. The contribution of the High Commissioner to India is tested through a comparison of particular statistical figures. The results are summarized and possible recommendations are being presented.
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Career Choices of Young Mothers
KOKEŠOVÁ, Lucie
The issue of young female´s career choices is associated with many dilemmas as well as problems, making work and childcare very hard to balance. Finding an ideal, family-worthy partner takes a long time and is not an easy task. When the responsibilities associated with taking care of the household and children begin, especially when the mother goes back to work after maternity or parental leave, many disagreements between the partners may appear. Going back to work after maternity or parental leave goes hand in hand with the uncertainty of finding a position that correlates with having children. In the Czech Republic, there is a discrimination of mothers being overlooked by the majority of people, so employers don´t make it easy for new mothers. Czech family policy offers a number of benefits that ease the situation of pregnancy, childbirth, motherhood and parenthood. They are primarily focused on the social and health needs of women. Other means of combining work and childcare can be flexible forms of employment, daycare facilities, or intergenerational solidarity, especially the traditional help from the grandparents. The practical part of this thesis contains qualitative research. Data were collected from semi-standardized interviews with eight communication partners using snowball sampling method. The sample therefore contained pregnant young women and mothers of children up to the age of nine. The interviews lasted several hours and took place at home of the communication partners in a friendly atmosphere. The goal of the research was to get to know the career choices of young women dealing with maternity, because they usually remain the primary caretakers. The main research question was how and why young new mothers decide between career and motherhood. According to the answer, additional research questioned were asked. They were divided into five main areas. Results were processed using coding method. The results show that the most important factor when deciding whether to have children is finding an ideal partner. Employer´s reaction to a pregnancy announcement usually wasn´t problematic for the communication partners. Going back to work or looking for a job after maternity or parental leave is directly related mainly to previous work experiences. Terms of the contract signed before the maternity or parental leave may give an assurance to some extent. The communication partners are familiar with the discrimination against women in the labor market, and they are of the opinion, that there´s nothing they can do about it. Women who will have to find a new job accept the need to lower their expectations and demands in the labor market, at least in the beginning of their maternity. Those more experienced with job search also lowered their expectations about the financial terms of employment and also had to accept worse positions. The most popular means of combining work and childcare among the communication partners are kindergarten/daycare centers, afterschool clubs and the help of their grandparents. Equal distribution of housework is also notable problem for the communication partners, especially right after their return to work. Let this thesis be beneficial to all young women deciding between career and motherhood. It should contribute to understanding of this dilemma and all the problems associated with it.
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Women in the labor market in the Czech Republic
Scherhauferová, Hana ; Hubinková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Pauknerová, Daniela (referee)
The thesis deals with the role of women in the labor market in the Czech Republic. The goal is to determine the role of women in the labor market in the Czech Republic, to 74 compare the perceived status of women identified through research with the real situation on the labor market and consequently propose corrective measures. The theoretical part deals with gender and gender-integrated organizations, feminism and emancipation movement, discrimination against women in the labor market, anti-discrimination measures by the State and the European Union, the development of the labor market position of women in the labor market position of women in the family and the possibility of harmonizing work and family life. The practical part includes primary research, which aims to map the perception of the problem of women in the labor market, the possibility of harmonizing work and family, results analysis and research for action.
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Discrimination against women at the labour market
DUNDOVÁ, Lenka
The issues of discrimination at the labour market are discussed frequently and according to the available sources of information these issues are not overlooked. When you imagine all manners of discrimination at the labour market, the most frequent manner is gender discrimination. It means that women are the most discriminated group. In this thesis I had focused on: the issue of women discrimination on the labour market and the topic of women versus men in the workplace. The society tells us the way how men and women have to look like and how they should behave according to their gender. Every person can observe these patterns since their childhood. The gender is formed by the external influences. The topic of gender discrimination belongs to sociology, however, there is a management sector which deals with the influence of gender inside the company ? it is called the management of gender relations. This is the theme which comes close to the women discrimination and to equal opportunities for men and women in the organization of the company. If the company is interested in establishing equal opportunities at the labour market, it is necessary to see women and men as two different parts of the company. It is impossible to replace the two parts with each other, because both of them have their tasks and the first part cannot work without the second part. The two parts are complementing each other in the family life and in the career life as well. The European Union has one of the most advanced antidiscrimination law in the world. The principle of equal opportunities of men and women is a part of the entrance conditions that have to be fulfilled by all member states and the candidate countries which want to enter the European Union. In the Czech legislative we can find the provision of equal treatment in The Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. Another important document is the Labour Code and last but not least is the Antidiscrimination Act. For employers it is necessary to claim equal opportunities for women and men if they want to be popular in the society of the 21st century. The whole society has to take a part in solving this global problem and then the situation at the labour market might become better. Equal opportunities are an important value and it is the sign of a fair company which is based on democracy. That is why the equalization of the relationships between men and women should be the significant aim of companies.
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Discrimination of women in the labour law
Šilerová, Kateřina ; Spirit, Michal (advisor) ; Žák, Květoslav (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with discrimination of women in the labour law, specifically in employment, access to employment and treatment at workplace. The goal of the thesis is to map the legislation of the principles of non-discrimination and equal opportunities in both Czech and European union law systems, another goal is research the reality of application of these rules and principles by the employers in companies operating in the Czech republic. The thesis first summarizes the legislation of these principles in the Czech law system and subsequently in the law system of the European union. Then it contains a practical part with a research made at 15 companies operating in the Czech republic.
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Equal opportunities for men and women in contemporary society
DECARLI, Beata
The work will focus on the status of women in today's Czech society, their perception of discrimination in employment, problems in finding searching for work and their position upon return after maternity leave. How they consider the entry in marriage and subsequent upbringing of children in contrakt to their self-fulfillment and career building. What gender stereotypes, feminism and the compatibility of career, family and maternal roles are.
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